الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 89 |  |  |
| | | from | 89 | | |
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in a private farm in Nobaria
area during the two successive summer seasons of 1994 and 1995 to
investigate the effect of inoculation with Rhizobium sp., calcium
application (500 or 750 kg gypsum Fed. -1) with or without foliar Ca and
nitrogen fertilization (15, 30 and 45 kg Fed.-l
) and all possible
combinations of these treatments on growth, yield and yield attributes of
peanut cv. ”Giza 4” and uptake of N, P and K. The obtained results
could be summarized as follows:
A- Growth:
1. Seed inoculation increased shoot dry weight (SOW), and number of
branches (NOB) to different extents during peanut growth while root
dry weight (ROW) significantly increased at the early sample (50 days
after sowing).
2. Increasing gypsum rate from 500 to 750 kg Fed.-I increased ROWand
PH while the other growth characters were reduced, and foliar Ca
application generally reduced most of these characters.
3. Increasing N level up to 30 kg Fed. -I caused significant increases in
SOW and plant height while RDW was not significantly affected.
4. All possible interactions of Inc., Ca and N caused significant effects
on most of the studied growth characteristics.
- 67-
B- N, P and K uptake:
1. Seed inoculation gave significant increases in the N, P and K uptake
by peanut plants during the growth except P at 95.
2. Increasing Ca rate increased N uptake but decreased both P and K
uptake.
3. Increasing N rate to 45 kg N Fed.-1 increased Nand K uptake while P
uptake was increased by N application up to 30 kg Fed.-1 only.
4. The highest N uptake was recorded by gypsum application at 750 kg
Fed.-1 with seed inoculation.
5. P uptake by peanut plants was greatest by the low gypsum rate 500 kg
gypsum Fed. -1 with 30 kg N Fed.-1.
6. The highest K uptake was recorded with inoculation combined with
gypsum soil application during peanut growth.
7. The inoculation x Ca x N interaction showed that the highest N uptake
occurred by seed inoculation combined with the higher gypsum rate
(750 kg Fed.-1
) + foliar Ca and 45 kg N at 50 DAS while this was
true by seed inoculation and 750 kg gypsum Fed.-I along with 15 kg N
at 95 DAS. However, the uptake of P and K was greater by the lower
gypsum rate (500 kg Fed.-1) along with 30-45 kg N without seed
inoculation.
o- Yield attributes:
1. Yield attribute. i.e. No. of branches, No. of pods and pod
weight/plant were positively responded to seed inoculation while seed
yield/plant, l00-pod weight and l00-seed weight did not show
- 68-
significant variations.
2. Seed yield/plant, 100-pod weight and loo-seed weight were increased
by increasing gypsum rate while other attributes were decreased.
Most yield components were decreased by foliar Ca combined with
both gypsum rates.
3. No. of branches and pods/plant were increased by increasing N rate
while pod and seed yields/plant as well as loo-pod weight were
decreased by increasing N rate to 30 kg Fed. -I and no significant
differences between 15 and 45 kg N Fed.-’ were obtained. loo-seed
weight was not significantly affected by increasing N rate.
4. Increasing calcium rate under seed inoculation increased pod
yield/plant, seed yield/plant weight of 100 pods and weight of 100
seeds, while adverse effects on the same parameters under noninoculation
treatment were noticed.
5. No clear trend could be detected with most of yield attributes by
increasing N rate under seed inoculation however, significant
increases were observed in the absence of seed inoculation.
6. Foliar Ca application showed slight effects on the underground
characteristics under N levels, but soil Ca application only along with
N application gave positive effects on these underground
characteristics.
7. Seed inoculation and application of 15 kg N Fed.-1 along with gypsum
application at 500-750 kg improved most yield components.
-~-- ---~----~-~-~~~------~--_._---- .~---_ ... -
- 69-
D- Yield:
1. Seed inoculation significantly increased the yield of pod, straw and oil
as well as oil percentage while seed yield was not affected and
shelling percentage was reduced.
2. Increasing gypsum rate caused significant increases in seed yield, oil
yield and shelling percentage, however additional foliar Ca reduced
yields of pods, seeds, straw and oil.
3. Pod yield, seed yield and oil percentage were found to be decreased
significantly by increasing N rate up to 30 kg Fed.-t and increased by
increasing N rate again to 45 kg Fed:’ may be in part due to the N
compensation which was supplied by specific rhizobia which, in turn,
is getting inactive by excessive N.
4. Seed inoculation under the higher gypsum rate gave peanut yield
approaching that of the lower gypsum rate without inoculation.
5. Seed inoculation combined with 15 kg N Fed.-I recorded the most
favourable effects on peanut yield.
6. Application of 500 kg gypsum Fed.-1 combined with the lower N rate
(15 kg Fed. -1) achieved greater peanut yield in terms of pod yield,
seed yield, straw yield and oil yield compared with the other Ca x N
interaction.
7. Seed inoculation combined with 15 kg N Fed.-I under low gypsum
rate (500 kg Fed.-I) with foliar Ca gave better peanut yields.