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Abstract
This is a clinical based surveillance study for pediatric diarrhea in children hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, started in July 2006 and was completed after 2 years in July 2008.
All patients were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, stool samples and rectal swabs were obtained for detection of different enteropathogens (bacterial, rotavirus and protozoal agents), also blood samples for routine laboratory investigation were obtained.
Enteropathogens were detected in only 41.2% of the studied cases (n=206) cases.
Rotavirus associated diarrhea accounted for 12% (n=60) of the studied case, accordingly, it was the most common detected enteropathogen followed by ETEC but it was considered as the most common bacterial enteorpathogen detected.
Diarrheal disease was significantly higher in infants less than 2 year; living in urban areas, having non educated mothers and manual worker father with no significant gender tendency.
Diarrhea was higher during warm season than during cold season with no significant difference.
Rotavirus associated diarrhea peaked in cold season, while all bacterial agents were more during summer months.
Breastfeeding was a protective factor against infection associated diarrhea, 52.8% of the studied cases were non breastfed.
Fever was the most common associated clinical finding 86.2% of the studied cases, followed by dehydration then vomiting. Both were more among rotvirus infected cases. whereas convulsion was commonly among campylobacter associated cases. Rotavirus represented highest percentage of hospitalization.
Shorter duration of diarrhea was among breastfed infants.
Rotavirus associated cases represented the highest value of direct medical costs, direct non medical and indirect medical costs.
Diarrhea was more among malnourished children leucocytosis with neutrophilia was evident among bacterial enteropathogens.
Isonatremic dehydration was the commonest dehydration type detected.