الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Propolis is a resinous hive product collected by honeybees frc various plant sources. It is extensively used in food, beverage and in fo medicine in treatment of various ailments and reported to have bro, spectrum of biological activities.
This study includes:
- Introduction.
- Materials, apparatus and techniques.
- Part I:
Phytochemical investigation of some kinds of propolis This part includes four chapters:
Chapter I: Phytochemical screening of some kinds of propolis.
This chapter includes:
- Preliminary phytochemical screening of some kinds of propolis, which showed the presence oftriterpenes in addition to carbohydrates and/or glyco~ides, unsaturated sterols and/or glycosides in addition to, flavonoids which are the major components.
Chapter II: Extraction, fractionation and isolation of constituents of some kinds of propolis
This chapter includes:
Isolation of several constituents of eucalypt propolis by usmg ~-cyclodextrin inclusion as an unique technique for efficient inclusion of phenolic compounds
- Isolation of several triterpenes for the first time from the methanol fraction of alecrime propolis.
- Isolation of the major flavonoides from methanol fraction of yucari propolis.
Chapter Ill: Identification of the isolated compounds:
The identification of the isolated compounds was based on different spectroscopic methods including: IH-NMR, I3C-NMR and 2D-NMR, in addition to, comparison of physical, chemical and chromatographic characters with authentic samples. The isolated compounds were identified as:
- Artepillin C First repo
- Capillartemisin A First repo
-3-(3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-butyl)-5-prenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid New
- Aromadendrin First repOI
- 5,7-dihydroxy-4’ -methoxyflavanonol First repOl
- a-amyrIn . First repor
- ~-amyrin First repor
- Cycloartenol First repor
- Lanosta-7, 24-diene-3~-ol First repoI1
- Lupeol First report
- Lupeol 3-(3’ R-hydroxy)-hexadecanoate New
- LupeoI3-(3 ’R-hydroxy)-octadecanoate New
- Kaempferol-4’ -methyl ether............ First report
- Kaempferol-6, 4’ -dimethyl ether......................................... First report
Phytochemical investigation of certain Solanum speCIes belonging to family Solanaceae.
This part includes three chapters:
Chapter I: Phytochemical screening of certain certain Solanum species belonging to family Solanaceae.
This chapter includes:
eliminary phytochemical screening of certain certain Solanum species longing to family Solanaceae, which includes fresh roots of Solanum ejlexum, fresh aerial parts of S. tuberosum, fresh fruits of S. nodiflorum, which showed the presence of carbohydrates and/or glycosides, saponins, sterols and/or triterpenes in addition to minor amounts of
Chapter II: Isolation of the main constituents of certain Solanum species belonging to family Solanaceae.
This chapter includes:
- Extraction and isolation of some glycosides obtained after preparation of the methanol extract of the investigared plants.
This includes TLC chromatographic screening, fractionation and purification of the saponin fractions. The obtained glycosides were subjected to column chromatography for purification.
Chapter III: Identification of the isolated compounds.
The identification of the isolated compounds was based -<)n different spectroscopic methods including: IH-NMR, 13C-NMR and 2D-NMR methods. The isolated compounds was identified as:
6-methoxy dioscin -3-0-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (l-+2)-a-L-
opyranosyl (1-+4)-~-D- glucopyranoside] Artifact
cariside E5 First report
culeatiside A .,. First report
olamargine First report
lasonine First report
tin ;.......................................................... First report
.solanine First report
sitosterol-3-0- ~-glucoside First report
chaconine First report
oside First report
a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( 1-+2)-[ a4)]-~-D-glucopyranosyl (~-chacotriosyl) (25R, 26R)-spirost-
·3~, 17a, 26-triol .
hacotriosyl (22\jf, 26R)-furost-5-ene-3~, 17a, 22, 26-tetraol
~-D-glucopyranoside .
ienolone .
Known First report
Part III:
Bioactivity .
This part includes two chapters:
Chapter I: Anti Herpes activity
On determination of the anti-Herpes activity of compounds isolated from different Solanum spieces under investigation, compounds having the same oligoglycosidic linkage (~-chacotriosyl moiety, but with different types of steroidal skeleton), the spirostane type glycoside dioscin, was unexpectly the most effective. The order of potency was dioscin> solasodane type glycosides, solamargine, solasonine>nuatigenin type glycosides, a-chaconine, a-solanine>furostane type glycosides, on the other hand, when the spirostane type oligoglycosides carrying different oligosaccharide moiety rather than ~-chacotriosyl, were compared, it was noticed that compounds containing ~-chacotriosyl moiety showed a stronger effect.
Chapter II: Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxic activity of some isolated compounds belonged spirosoanle, spirostanol, furostanol and pregnane moieties was determined. It was found that the cytoixic activity depends on the type of the aglycone part and it is laso changed by the difference in the sugar
linkage. It was sggested that possesing E anf F rings, espeacially E-ring, is essentail for appearance of the activity.
Table 35: Summary of the isolated compounds
Eucalypt propolis
Eucalypt propolis
r.droxy- 3-methy 11ycinnamic acid
Eucalypt propolis
Eucalypt propolis
rdroxy-4’ pyflavanonol
Eucalypt propolis
Alecrime propolis