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Abstract
The Achilles tendon (tendo calcaneus) is the strongest and thickest tendon in the body. Calcaneal tendon Origin is formed by conjugation of the tendinous portions of the large superficial two muscles that lie in posterior compartment of the leg, gastrocnemius and soleus. Achilles tendon is inserted at a rectangular area in the middle third of the posterior surface of the calcaneus Near its calcaneal insertion site, the Achilles tendon is flanked by subcutaneous bursa two bursae and retrocalcaneal bursa The strongest movement at the ankle is plantar flexion. This is because of the larger muscle mass contributing to the movement. It is also related to the fact that the plantar flexors are used more to work against gravity and maintain an upright posture, control lowering to the ground, and add to propulsion. Even standing, the plantar flexors specifically the soleus, contract to control dorsiflexion in the standing posture, with Achilles tendon acts as contractile force transmitter enabling skeletal movement; however, tendon does not behave as rigid link between muscles and bones, but exhibits a viscoelastic behavior as well. Achilles tendon (by doing its important functions) is subjected to many forces; but it enjoys a high capacity to withstand the tensional forces created by the movements of the human body Injuries to calcaneal tendon will include Rupture of calcaneal tendon either acute or chronic as traumatic rupture of Achilles tendon or spontaneous rupture of Achilles tendon Tendinopathy and paratendinopathy which is insertional or non insertional.