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Abstract
Producing fine and super fine spun yarn is very important for the Egyptian textile industry in order to win the competitiveness with the other yarn producers in the global cotton yarn market. The future challenge for the Egyptian spinner is to produce high quality fine cotton yarn by using the advantages of the Egyptian cottons and the advantages of the new developments in spinning technology. Compact spinning is one of latest developments in the ring spinning machine which depends on the idea of the great reduction of the spinning triangle, hence more fiber integrated to the yarn structure aim to increase the yarn tenacity, elongation, and reduce yarn hairiness. Most of the present researches focus on the short staple cottons and the yarn quality produced from these cotton types compared with the yarn quality produced from conventional spinning.
The present study presents an investigation into the production of fine (single & plied, combed & carded) compact spun yarn made of long and extra long staple Egyptians cottons in comparison with conventional ring spun yarns. Also, the advantages and problems encountered with compact spinning of fine yarn production for different compact spinning models.
A specially designed experimental study was carried out with the role of compact spinning. The properties of the cotton spun yarn compared with conventional ring spun yarn under a spinning mill running conditions were studied, and the results clearly show improvements in evenness, tensile, and hairiness characteristics for compact yarn especially for finer yarn counts. While we find out that some problems happened due to blockage in the suction tubes and suction inserts of the compacting zone lead to deterioration in the compact yarn quality. Also we investigated the performance and maintenance of the compact spinning machines and we have found that compact spinning needs more spare parts change i.e. cots and travellers.
On the other hand we have investigated the quality of the fine compact single yarn produced by two different compact spinning systems and we have recommended one of them to be used for producing fine compact spun yarn from Egyptian cotton.
As a new approach in producing fine compact yarns from Egyptian cotton we investigated the quality of the twin compact yarn which appears to be a promising spinning technology that may eliminate the doubling and twisting process.