الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this thesis a simplified method to determine lthe torsiona capacity and the torque--twist relationship for reinforced concrete
rectangular section is presented. This method is based on substituting
of a solid reinforced concrete section by a hollow section. This arises
from the fact that most of the torsional stresses and consequently the
torsional resistance is provided by the narrow band of the outer fibers
of the sections.
Equations for the strength and the stiffness were derived for
reinforced concrete sections and the results were compared. Remarkable
agreement exists between the theoretical and the experimental results
for both the solid and the hollow sections.