الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of the work
The present study was designed in a randomized double-blind fashion to investigate the effects of two different oral anti hypertensive agents, namely clonidine and lisinopril on attenuation of the pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation in comparison to placebo.
Conclusion
Our study showed that in group I there was a very highly significant increase in all parameters studied with maximum rise observed one minute (L+1) after laryngoscopy and intubation and lasted till the fifth minute after laryngoscopy (L+5). Atrial and ventricular extrasystoles occurred in 50% of patients.
In group II, the use of oral clonidine 1.5 hour before induction of anesthesia partially attenuates the blood pressure and heart rate responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, but cannot completely abolish the increase in either heart rate or blood pressure. This means that oral clonidine may not be the agent of choice for attenuating the sympathoadrenal response to laryngoscopy and intubation.
In group III, oral administration of lisinopril six hours before the operation resulted in a very highly significant decrease in hemodynamic responses following laryngoscopy and intubation compared to groups I and II.
We conclude that oral lisinopril as a premedication is an excellent and effective agent in attenuating the rise in blood pressure in response to laryngoscopy and intubation, but it produces less control of the heart rate and hence the rate pressure product.