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Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at a private animal farm in Ismailia province during the period from September 2005 till the end of December 2006. The material involved 64 pluriparous buffalo-cows, aged 4-8 years and showed normal calving and placental DROP. Starting on day 5 postpartum rectal examination was carried out at the 10th, 15, 20, 25 and 30 day postpartum to follow up uterine involution as well as resumption of ovarian activity. Estrus was detected with the help of an intact buffalo-bull running with the herd combined with close observation for at least 20 minutes three times daily. This study aimed to investigate the effect of injecting PGF2α immediately after calving on placental DROP and involution time. Effect of certain treatments such as Gn-RH analogue (Receptal), progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) or a combined treatment of phosphorus preparations (Tonophosphan and Dibasic sodium phosphate) in initiating ovarian activity in buffaloes that had delayed resumption of postpartum cyclicity was also studied.
Milk progesterone levels prior and over 30 days post treatment were also assayed using enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) technique.
The obtained results could be summarized as:
i. Effect of PGF2α on placental DROP and involution time:
This group comprised 15 buffalo-cows injected with PGF2α immediately after calving compared to 7 as control animals.
Significant (P <0.05) variations were found in the duration of placental DROP and involution time between the treated group and its control. For placental DROP, the average interval was (3.4±0.2 hours) in the treated animals compared to (3.8±0.4 hours) in the controls. The corresponding values for involution time were 26.6±0.7 days (range: 23 to 30) and 28.00±0.50 days (range: 25 to 34 ) respectively.
ii. Response to Gn-RH analogue (Receptal) in initiating early resumption of cyclical activity postpartum:
A total of 22 buffalo-cows were involved in this group. Out of 15 buffalo-cows injected Receptal at day 20 postpartum, 8 (53.3%) animals displayed estrous within an average 60.00±0.1 days (range: 40 - 90) post partum. 75% of buffaloes that showed detectable estrous conceived. For controls, out of 7 buffaloes, 3 (43%) animals showed estrous within 90.8±0.4 days (range: 60 to 130) postpartum. All control animals that showed estrous conceived (100%). A highly significant (p<0.01) difference concerning interval from parturition to resumption of cyclical activity between the treated animals and their controls was found.
Significant (p<0.05) variations concerning milk progesterone pattern and values were observed between the treated group and its controls. For treated animals, milk progesterone levels averaged 2.26±0.3 ng/ ml post treatment compared to 0.86±0.3 ng/ ml in the controls. These changes in milk progesterone profiles reflect the effectiveness of Gn-RH analogue to initiate early resumption of cyclical activity during the postpartum period compared with the controls.
iii. Response of delayed resumption of cyclicity up to 60 days postpartum to treatment with PRID:
This experiment comprised 10 buffalo –cows treated with progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) compared to 9 animals as control. 7 (70%) buffaloes of the treated group expressed estrous within intervals averaged 100.5±0.1 days (range: 90 - 115) postpartum, conception rate was (71.4%). In the controls, out of 9 buffaloes only 3 (33.3%) cases showed estrous within an average interval 120.4±0.5 days postpartum (range: 110- 140). 67% of these estrous animals conceived. Significant (P<0.05) differences were also observed in the interval from parturition till the resumption of cyclicity between the treated animals and their controls.
The changes in milk progesterone profile following treatment with PRID were more obvious compared with those in the controls. A significant (p<0.05) difference in the average levels of milk progesterone was found between the treated 3.95±0.98 ng/ml and its controls 1.10± 0.15 ng/ml.
In the treated group, progesterone profiles displayed normal pattern similar to that observed in the normal cyclic animals. Both pattern and levels of milk progesterone indicate a higher efficiency of the PRID in the initiation of the cyclical activity in buffaloes with a delayed resumption of cyclicity.
iv. Response of delayed resumption of cyclicity up to 90 days postpartum to treatment with phosphorus preparations:
A total of 23 acyclic buffalo-cows (15 treated and 8 controls) up to 90 days postpartum were used in this group. Treatment regime comprised day after day injection of 10 ml tonophosphan combined with 30 gm dibasic sodium phosphate as an oral dose for 10 successive days.
Out of 15 treated buffalo- cows, 9 (60%) animals came in estrous within intervals averaged 120.01±0.1 days (range: 105- 150) postpartum, conception rate in this group was (78%). For controls, 4 (50%) buffaloes displayed estrous at an average interval of 135.6±0.2 days (range: 125-150) postpartum with conception rate 75%.
Significant (P <0.05) variations regarding the intervals from parturition to resumption of ovarian cyclicity between the treated group and its controls were noticed.
Significant (P <0.05) variations in milk progesterone profiles were noticed between the treated and control groups. The average values for milk progesterone were 5.00±0.62 ng/ml in the treated group compared to 2.30±0.62ng/ml in the controls. An irregular pattern for milk progesterone profiles was noticed in only one treated case compared with those followed other treatments as Gn-RH or PRID.