الفهرس 
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Abstract
Over the past 20 years, the new industrial cities were considered as the main solution to most of the problems facing the metropolitan industrial areas and to assist in the national industrial development with the purpose of redistributing the population density. In these new communities, industrial and domestic activities result in the production of vast quantities of wastewater; the improper disposal of which may cause serious environmental hazards: Organic materials can exhaust the oxygen resources from streams. Excess nitrogen and phosphorus may cause eutriphication. High levels of suspended solids can damage benthic habitats. Oil and grease may float on the surface and create fire hazards. Besides, the sewerage system may also be affected by the discharge of untreated wastewater. The rate of pipe corrosion may increase from acids and sulphates. It addition, high concentrations of O&G and SS may lead to their blockage.
In the past, wastewater management was concentrated on the end-of- pipe treatment. A different philosophy has emerged in recent years, that is of waste prevention and reduction by implementing cleaner technology. Therefore, wastewater management, nowadays, encompasses 4 strategies put in the following hierarchy: 1) Pollution prevention, 2) Pollution reduction, 3) Treatment and 4) Disposal.