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Abstract
Pharyngotonsillitis is one of the most common respiratory diseases in the community, particularly during childhood. Approximately 28% to 40% of these infections are estimated to be caused by Group A β Haemolytic streptococci (GAβHS) which is considered the most important etiological pathogen in terms of sequelae and complications. Since streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis can lead to rheumatic heart disease and its sequelae, and to suppurative complications, it is a potentially serious medical problem, and adequate treatment is imperative. Due to lack of adequate clinical basis to diagnose GAβHS pharyngotonsillitis, it is important to find an easy, practical and cost-effective way to provide differentiation of GAβHS from non- GAβHS pharyngotonsillitis. In low income regions, there is no access to microbiologic diagnosis of common GAβHS pharyngitis. Presumptive diagnosis relies on clinical signs and symptoms predicting this infection which facilitate optimal use of laboratory tests and antibiotics.