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Abstract
A total of 1250 cockroaches (687 German cockroaches and 563 American cockroaches)randomly collected fro different localities and examined for the presence of Salmonella species, Staphylococcus aureus, and Entamoeba histolytica cyst either. on the external body surface or in the alimentary canal.
Salmonella species could be detected in 48(7%) in the German cockroaches and 27 (4.8%).in American cockroaches while Staphylococcus aureus were isolated with percentage of (64.6%) in German cockroaches and (56.3%) in American cockroaches whereas, Entamoeba histolytica cyst recovered from 131 (19.1%) in the German cockroaches and 57(10%) in American cockroaches.
Serotyping of salmonella isolated revealed that the highest serotype isolated was Salmonella typhimurium (26%) followed by Salmonella entritidis (22%) and untyped salmonella (22%) while, Salmonella paratyphi (0.3%)and Salmonella typhi (0.1%).
Infection rate in German cockroaches was higher than in the American cockroaches.
Infection rates in houses with pit latrines higher than houses with water systems. Pit latrines are more accessible to these insects; going by the behavioral pattern of cockroaches, pit latrines represent a favorable hideout during the hours of the day, at the evening time, they all migrate into houses where they might deposit pathogens present on their body surface on kitchen utensils or other house equipment they move on.
Out of 200 human fecal samples 14(7%) were positive for salmonella and 23(11.5%) were positive for Entamoeba histolytica and out of 320 human swabs (160 skin and 160 nasal swabs) 103(32.2%) were positive for Staphylococcus aureus.
Human with nasal catarrhal or with skin lesions gave more isolation rate of Staphylococcus aureus than apparently healthy ones.
Suggested control measures for cockroaches were recorded.