الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
This study was planned to investigate and characterize seven different genotypes of Hibiscus sabdariffa. In order to achieve such a purpose the following levels were employed:
1- Morphological level (agronomic characters).
2- Heterosis
3- Biochemical:
a) Proline content
b) Active ingredient
c) Isozyme
4- Molecular level:
5- Cytogenetical level
a- Cell proliferation.
b- Chromosome number
c- Chromosomes complements
6- Fibers
This work was carried out in two successive years i.e: 2005 and 2006. Experimental work was carried out at Nubaria Expermintal Station. Biochemical analysis done for proline was conducted at Central Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Shatby, Alexandria University. Cytogenetical investigation and analysis of isozymes were carried out at Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Saba – Bacha.
6.1. Morphological characters:
The following characters were investigated:
1- No. days of flowering.
2- Leaf area (cm2).
3- Plant height (cm).
4- No. branches / plant.
5- No. fruits / plant.
6- Fruit dry weight (G / plant).
7- Bracts and spales dry weight (G / plant).
8- Seed weight (G / plant).
9- 100 Seed weight / gm.
The results obtained from this investigation might be summarized as follows:
6.1.1. Days of flowering:
Means were found to be ranged from 108 to 122.5 days. Statistical analysis revealed that the genotypes 1, 5 and 6 were different significantly compound with other genotypes.
6.1.2. Leaf area:
Means ranged from 66.43 to 100 cm for genotypes 2 and 6, however, 1 & 7 are similar too. They were completely different compared with the other genotypes.
6.1.3. Plant height:
Means ranged from 168.99 cm (Genotype 7) to 212.8 cm (Genotyp 6). Regarding means of leaf area, in 2006, it ranged from 169.2 (genotype, 6) to 220 (genotype, 6).
6.1.4. Number of branches:
Number of branches were counted, analyzed and their means for two successive years were analyzed. It ranged from 34.03 to 47.1 for the genotypes 2 and 7, respectively.
6.1.5. Number of fruits /plants:
In the present study, number of fruits / plants was counted and analyzed, means from 49.67 (genotype 6) to 80.27 (genotype 7).
6.1.6. Dry weight of fruits:
Means ranged from 84.97 gm to 213.01 g. for the genotypes 2 and 7, respectively.
6.1.7. Weight of bractec and seplles:
Means ranged from 19.01 gm to 53.4 gm / plant for the genotypes 2 and 7 respectively. The tested genotypes might be arranged as follows: 7 > 1 > 5 > 6 > 4 > 3 > 2. In 2006, means ranged from 16.77 to 51.37 g / plant.
6.1.8. Seeds weight / plant :
Means ranged from 34.0 gm to 73.96 gm / plant for the genotypes 6 and 1 respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that there were significant differences between the means of the tested genotypes.
6.1.9. Weight of 100 seeds:
Means ranged, from 2.64 g (genotype 4) to 4.08 g (genotype 1).
Analysis of fibers showed that its percentages ranged from 6.27 % (genotype-7) to 8.97 % (genotype- 4).
6.2. Heterosis:
Estimation of heterosis might be illustrated as follows:
• The cross 1♀ X 6 ♂ was not successful, while 6 ♀ X 1 ♂ was shown to be successful.
• The cross 2♀ X 1 ♂ and 1♀ X 2 ♂ were successfully obtained.