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Abstract
Conventional fractionated radiotherapy has been used primarily for malignant skull
base tumors and radiosensitive tumors of the intermediate malignant type. Radiation
therapy also reduces the growth and recurrence rates of some of the benign tumors
including paragangliomas. There are three basic forms of stereotactic radiosurgery
represented by three different technological instruments. Each instrument operates
differently, has a different source of radiation and may be more effective under different
circumstances. The three are: A) Particle beam (proton), B) Cobalt-60 based (photon)
and C) Linear accelerator based (linac).
Chemotherapy is indicated in specific malignant tumors including nasopharyngeal
carcinomas, melanomas and rhabdomyosarcomas.
Hormonal therapy for meningiomas and juvenile angiofibromas, which often carry a
hormonal receptor, is still in the investigative stage. Interferon, somatostatin analogues,
monoclonal antibodies, and gene therapies are likewise considered experimental.
To obtain the maximum effect of treatments, various combined treatment regimens are
indicated for the management of certain skull base tumors.