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Abstract
although such theories have been used to explain. the patlidgenesis of other • •: • it111161115. 111. addition, studies .showing deletion. ofinaterial primarily horn the... long arm of chromosome 7 such that tumour stippreS;or germs may also play an..., important role in totMolling the progression of myomas. (``’ISuelt investigations • may help explain the varying. frequency in certain subgroups ofvotnen,.for . . example, the more frequent finding in African-American versus Caucasian women may be due,o differences in genetic cncodings that influence.cither the • incidence or the growth of these tumours in subgroups of .women. Such an explanation is Supported by the suggestion that these tumours are also found
• More frequently in otherfamily members in such subgroups. U) • . • •
,” • •• •
Goltadotrophin-releasing hormone •(Gralt), oestrogen, progesterone, as well
• as a variety of growth factors have all been implicated.. potential regulators.of kiontyomaS For a number of years, the finding that myomas arise .
alter puberty, tend • to grow more tapidly in early pregnancy; and•regress menopause, kill support to the suggestion that oestrogen teas a Mitogen or acted • • • as a promoter of myoma growth through other mechaniSinsSuch as increasing the messenger RNA lut-RNA) encoding of various •growth factors such as epithelial growth factor (EGI’t or insulin-like growth•factor type I (IGF-[)..r) Addition:it sup,toti for the role Of oestrogen ih Promotirtggrowth has been •. • based on the finding of oestrogen *receptors in leiotnyomas (occasionally in. •. concentrations exceed., those found in normal inyometriuni). and the finding ... that (inRII agouists ’educe the size of myomas presumably through production: of hypoestrogcnic slate liowever;the observation that medroxyprogesterone
acetate ’ or itorethindrone use is •associated .with regrowth. of uterine:. ni,inas in .06101 agonists-suppressed patients and that RU-486, a steroid With ..• anti-progesterotie activity, Significantly reduces leimhyoinavolurite (I. suggests. . that progetterene could also be important as a regulator of niYmna growth.