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Abstract
The present investigation was carried out on thirty five goats of different ages and both sexes. Thirty of them were slaughtered and injected through the thoracic aorta, portal vein as well as the caudal vena cava with colored gum milk latex. The most of the specimens were thoroughly dissected freshly while, few of them were dissected after embedding in 10% formalin solution for 2-3 days, with the help of a surgical magnifying lens. The origin, course and distribution of the vessels of the gastrointestinal tract were finely described.
The remaining five goats were used for the histological examination. Small pieces from some arteries and veins of gastrointestinal tract were obtained and immediately immersed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and bown’s solutions. Sections of 5-7um. were prepared and stained with H&E and Crossman’s trichrom stains.
The dissected specimens revealed that :
A- The gastrointestinal tract was supplied via the celiac, cranial mesenteric and caudal mesenteric arteries, in addition to middle and caudal rectal arteries.
-The coeliac artery gave off splenic, left ruminal and hepatic arteries.
-The splenic artery issued a right ruminal artery and an epiploic branch.
-The left ruminal artery gave off reticular artery.
-The left gastric artery constituted the direct continuation of the celiac artery and it detached left gastroepiploic and accessory reticular arteries.
-The hepatic artery detached right gastric artery from its left branch and continued as gastroduodenal artery which gave off cranial pancreaticoduodenal and right gastroepiploic arteries.
-The cranial mesenteric artery released caudal duodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic and middle colic arteries.
-The caudal duodenal artery gave off the first jejunal artery.
-The ileocolic artery continued as a cecal artery which in turn extended as the antimesenteric ileal artery.
-The caudal mesenteric artery issued left colic and cranial rectal arteries. The latter two arteries gave off the sigmoid arteries.
-The middle rectal artery originated from the urogenital artery.
-The caudal rectal artery arose from the dorsal perineal artery.
B- The gastrointestinal tract was drained mainly via the portal vein, in addition to the middle and caudal rectal veins :
-The portal vein gave off gastroduodenal, splenic and cranial mesenteric veins.
-The splenic vein detached right ruminal and reticular veins as well as an epiploic branch.
-The left gastric vein represented the direct continuation of the splenic vein and it gave off left ruminal, accessory reticular and left gastroepiploic veins.
-The gastroduodenal vein released cranial pancreaticoduodenal, right gastric and right gastroepiploic veins.
-The cranial mesenteric vein gave off caudal duodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic and caudal mesenteric veins.
-The caudal duodenal vein gave off first jejunal vein.
-The ileocolic vein continued as a cecal vein which in turn prolonged as antimesenteric ileal vein.
-The caudal mesenteric vein issued middle colic vein, continued as the left colic vein which released sigmoid veins then the left colic vein terminated as the cranial rectal vein.
-The middle rectal vein originated from the urogenital vein.
-The caudal rectal vein arose from the dorsal perineal vein.
C- The microscopic examination revealed that :
-All the arteries of the gastrointestinal tract were typically of muscular type. Their wall was formed of three tunics, tunica intema, media and adventitia. The intima was consisted of a single layer of endothelial layer based on fibrous connective tissue, lamina subendothelialis. The media appeared more thicker and formed of numerous circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers intermingled with collagen fibers. The adventitia, the most outer layer formed of fibroelastic connective tissue containing vasa vasorum and nervi vasorum.
-The veins of the gastrointestinal tract appeared to be of two types, large and medium sized veins. Both types have similar intima and media, while the adventitia of large sized veins contained longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle fibers and fibroelastic connective tissue housing vasa vasorum and nervi vasorum. The adventitia of the medium sized vein was free from the longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle fibers.
The results obtained were illustrated in fifty six photographs and diagrams of normally dissected specimens.
The current results were discussed with those given by previous authors in different ruminant animals.
Nomenclature used in this work was that adopted according the Nomina
Anatomica Veterinaria (2005) and the available literatures.