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Abstract
Since the introduction of Osseointegrated implants for treatment of edentulous jaws, it has been possible to reconstruct patients with a sufficient amount of bone without the need for additional procedures. However patients with severe atrophy of the maxillary alveolar process and / or excessively pneumatized maxillary sinus are difficult to treat by conventional implant techniques due to the lack of a sufficient amount of alveolar bone into which implants can be anchored.
The morphology of a bony defect is an important consideration in the selection of a method for ridge augmentation. The fewer the number of remaining bony walls the greater the need for osteopromotive techniques. During recent years the sinus lift or sinus elevation surgical technique has opened up a new way of anchoring endosseous implants despite marked bone reduction.