الفهرس 
Definition of Terms
Subjects and MethodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Menopause is part of a woman’s natural aging process when her ovaries produce lower levels of the hormones estrogen and progesterone and when she is no longer able to become pregnant. The average age for menopause is 52 years. However, menopause commonly happens
anytime between the ages of 42 and 56. A woman can say she has begun
her menopause when she has not had a period for a full year (Jane,
2004). The woman’s age is a significant factor of breast cancer as the risk
of breast cancer increases with age. Older women especially those over
55 years are at highest risk. There has been some evidence to suggest that
long-term hormonal replacement therapy in postmenopausal women increase the risk of breast cancer (Giselle, 2000).
In recent years, there has been a significant decrease in breast cancer
mortality (Wingo et al., 1999). According to the recommendations of the
National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference on Adjuvant Therapy
of Breast Cancer, the reasons for this is decreasing in breast cancer
mortality return to the more widespread utilization of mammography as
well as the successful dissemination and utilization of adjuvant therapy
(NIH Consensus Development Program, 2000) Menopausal symptoms are common and problematic for women
receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer (Myra et al., 2004).
So assessment of the menopausal symptoms during chemotherapy for
breast cancer is important to assist the woman throughout the treatment
and provide suggestions about strategies to mange these symptoms.